An ODI or One Day International is a limited over of cricket game that is played with international status between two teams. Each team faces a restricted number of overs. It used to be 60 overs until 1983.
The cricket World Cup, held every four years meaning it is played in this format. ODI matches are named Limited Overs International or LOI. The term also refers to T20 International match. These are major cricket matches that are considered as the high-profile of List A, limited over the competition.
The international one-day cricket game is the development of the late-twentieth century. The first ODI was played on 1971, 5 January between England and Australia at the Melbourne Ground.
The first three days of the third test were washed out and officials decided to stop the match and play a one-off one day game that includes 40 eight-ball overs per side.
ODI was played in white-coloured kits those days with a red-coloured ball. Australia won the first ODI cricket match by 5 wickets.
History of ODI Cricket
Fielding restrictions were introduced in the Australian 1980-81. Only two fielders were allowed outside the ring in 1992 for the first 15 overs, later five fielders were allowed outside the ring for the left overs. Later, it was minimized in 2005, to ten overs and two five-over powerplays were launched. With the bowling team discretion over the timeline for both. The batting team was given discretion in 2008 for one of the two powerplays.
The teams were limited in 2011 to finish the discretionary powerplay between 16th and 40th overs, the powerplays could occur any time between 11 and 50 overs. In 2012, finally, the bowling powerplay was banned and the number of the fielders outside the 30-yard ring allowed was reduced from five to four during non-powerplay overs.
The global regulating body of cricket that is International Cricket Council has the authority for the implementation of the new regulations in the one day cricket. These regulations are made to increase the enjoyment of the game to the audience. They must be followed by all International Cricket Council member nations.
These are some of the interesting rules and regulations of the one day cricket that includes:
The thickness of the Willow
To maintain a balance between bowls and bats, the International Cricket team has limited the thickness of the willow. While the bat’s edge cannot be thicker than 40 millimetres, the depth cannot exceed 67 millimetres mark.
Absence from the field
In both the Twenty20 and ODI, if a player is absent in the field for more than eight minutes then he is not allowed to bowl for a limited period, which is the same with the playing time for the player he was absent. It is referred to as Penalty time. The player is further allowed to bowl after reintroduction in the field or the team is batting subsequently.
The limited timeline carries forward to the next innings of the game as well. The player is not allowed to bat until the remaining length of time is finished. The penalised player can bat if the team loses within the penalty time five wickets.
While for each player Penalty time in Twenty20 International does not exceed more than 40 minutes then in One day International it is limited to 120 minutes.
Revised Playing Conditions
During One Day International match which was interrupted, the revised number of overs to be bowled is based on 14.28 overs per hour that includes drink break too. While in case of Twenty20I, only a fixed time is decided before calling off the match on a 14.11 rate overs per hour.
During a diminish ODI, the total number of overs is divided by five to six overs. These are overs delivered by a bowler. Additional overs are given to the maximum number per bowler to maintain a balance. In a recent rule, a bowler delivers a maximum of two overs if in case, Twenty20 is reduced to ten or less than 10 overs.
Unless a twenty overs-side game takes place, any one day international is aborted and in Twenty20 International, the eligibility is at least five overs-side matches.
The Rule of Time Out:
If a player is retired heart or out then the coming batsman must take the guard within 3 minutes from the umpire or come to the crease to play else the upcoming batsman is declared out.
If Bails don’t fall then Not Out:
A batsman is out if a bail is removed completely from the top of the stumps. If the bails do not fall after the ball takes the wicket then the batsman is claimed Not Out. In 2017 August, Sri Lanka’s Pace bowler named Vishva Fernando was bowling to Mahendra Singh Dhoni and that time ball hit the middle stump. But the bails did not fall so he was not out.
Out Obstructing the field:
The batsman is out, obstructing the field and he purposely attempts to distract or obstruct the fielding side by action or word.
Field Restrictions
In One Day International cricket, the fielding team can deploy maximum two fielders outside the circle of 30 yards in the compulsory overs of powerplay. It means that the first ten overs of the game.
After that from 11-40 overs, maximum of four players are allowed to field outside the ring, while it increases to a maximum of five fielders in the last ten overs. In Twenty20, only two players are allowed to field outside the ring for the first six overs of compulsory powerplay.
No appeal No Out:
If a batsman is out in some way such as caught behind or LBW and if the fielding team does not appeal for out then the batsman is not declared out even if the batsman was out. So, the Appeal is compulsory according to the International Cricket Council. The rule number is ICC’s 27
Returning the ball to a fielder:
Either batman is out during the playtime if he uses any part of his person or the bat to return the ball to a fielder without his consent.
The Regulations for injured Players:
If the player who is injured who goes outside of the field and then returns on the field without taking umpire’s permission then five runs are cut from the score of the opposite or fielding team.
Out if Hit the ball twice:
The striker is out if he strikes the ball twice with his body parts or bats before the ball touches the fielder.
Only 4 Substitute Players:
In the one day International or ODI cricket, each team captain should nominate 11 players with additional 4 substitute fielders in writing to the International Cricket Council Match Referee before the toss.
Shot Playing Time:
Generally, it happens that when a blower is ready to do bowling, the batsmen must be ready to play that shot. But if a batsman is not ready within 2 minutes to play the shot, then he is given the first warning and again if he repeats such mistake then the umpire has the right to reward 5 runs to the opposite team.
Out on No Ball:
It is a regulation that a batsman is not out if it is no-ball. But the batsman can be out if there is no ball these ways:
- Run out
- Hitting the ball twice
- Obstructing the field
New Balls
In One day international, the fielding side can use two new balls alternate ends for an innings. If the match fixes to 25 overs or less then only one new ball is allowed.
In case of a Twenty20 International, the fielding side is only once given with the new ball before the start of the innings.
Disturbing to Batsmen:
If a player disturbs the batsmen who are fielding before playing the shot, the ball is thrown and then the ball is declared as a dead ball by the umpire. Also, five runs are awarded to the batting team.
Slow over rate:
14.28 is the least over which must be thrown in one day match for every hour, else the captain of the fielding side is penalised for slow over-rate.
Retired Out:
If a batsman for any reason gets retired, the innings of that batsman might be resumed only with the opposite captain consent. If the innings of that batsmen are not resumed then he is recorded as Retired-Out.
No runs to be scored:
If the striker is caught or dismissed, it runs from that delivery finished by the batsmen before the catch is taken shall not be counted or scored as run.
Review decision:
If any of the team wishes to take review, then it has to make this decision within 15 seconds before the ball is thrown. To review, the player has to make the T mark with his hands and this T mark to be raised till the height of the head at least.
How DLS Works
The DLS or Duckworth-Lewis Stern is essential in the restricted overs of the cricket. During the initial innings, two resources are first taken into consideration.
One of the total numbers of ten wickets and deliveries is considered. As the batting progress initially then those resources decreases slowly and become nil after a full quota of overs or losing the wickets precisely ten. The score is calculated based at what stage the game was stopped and the left wickets and overs.
Trial regulations
The rules and regulations of trials were introduced as a substitution rule that allowed the replacement player introduction at any stage in the match and it was till he was called up to play the match. He has assumed the role of the 12th man. Teams called it SuperSub and nominated the replacement player before the toss.
The SuperSub was allowed to field, keep wicket, bat and bowl once a player was replaced. The replaced player took the position of 12th man. Over the six months of trials, it was clear the SuperSub could give more edge to the side that won the toss and unbalanced the game.
Several International Captains argued and reached ‘Gentleman’s Agreements’ to discontinue the rule in 2005. SuperSub was named as needed but he was not allowed to field and was just used as a 12th man normal. The ICC announced on 15 February 2006 as their intention to discontinue the rule of SuperSub. Two balls were trialled on 21 March 2006 in ODI for 2 years then it was rejected.
Permanent ODI status
The twelve test-playing cricket match nations that are twelve full members of the International Cricket Council have One Day International (ODI) Status. The Countries are listed below with their dates of each country ODI debut when they received the full ODI Status ( Zimbabwe, Ireland, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka were associate members of International Cricket Council members at the time of the ODI debuts.
- England ( 5 January 1971)
- Australia (5 January 1971)
- West Indies (5 September 1973)
- New Zealand ( 11 February 1973)
- Pakistan (11 February 1973)
- Sri Lanka 13 February 1982)
- India (13 July 1974)
- Zimbabwe (25 October 1992)
- South Africa (25 October 1991)
- Afghanistan (5 December 2017)
- Bangladesh (10 October 1997)
- Ireland (5 December 2017)
Special ODI status
The International Cricket Council granted special One-day International status to all the cricket matches within high-profile tournaments, the following countries also participated in full ODIs, while some got Permanent or temporary ODI status. The following are the countries with Special ODI status that includes:
- Sri Lanka (1975 and 1979 World Cup)
- Zimbabwe (1983,1987 and 1992 World Cup)
- East Africa (1975 World Cup)
- Canada (1979 and 2003 World Cup)
- United States (2004 ICC Champions Trophy)
- Namibia (2003 World Cup)
- Hong Kong (2004, 2008,2018 Asia Cup)
- Kenya (1996 Sameer Cup, 1996 World Cup)
- Scotland (1999 World Cup)
- Bangladesh (1990 Asia Cup, 1997 Asia Cup, 1996 Asia Cup, 1986 Asia Cup, 1990 Austral-Asia Cup, 1988 Asia Cup)
- United Arab Emirates ( 1996 Word Cup, 1994 Austral- Asia Cup, 2008 Asia Cup, 2004 Asia Cup)
To conclude, it can be said that every ODI cricket lover is aware of the general rules and regulations of One day cricket, but the rules and regulations written above are hardly known to every cricket fan. If anyone does not know all the rules of ODI then his enjoyment of the cricket might get reduced.
Apart from this, the above-mentioned rules and regulations rules are often asked in interviews, so make sure you pay special attention to these regulations.
And, next time when your friend debates with the rules and regulations of ODI cricket match then show him that you know all of it!
Also Read: Types of Cricket Bats
